Material Specification

Soft material features high sensitivity and permittivity and are well suited for static applications.  They produce large displacements because their d constants are greater.  However, when operated in dynamic mode, soft piezo ceramic material types suffer from high dielectric losses and high dissipation factors which may limit the ability to drive them at high frequencies.
Hard materials can withstand high levels of electrical excitation and mechanical stress.  They are not easily poled or depolarised except at elevated temperature.  However this stability is accompanied by smaller d constants than soft materials.

PropertySymbolUnitsSoft MaterialHard Material
NCE51NCE55NCE81NCE40NCE41
Dielectric Constant
(1 kHz)
KT319005000102012501350
Dielectric Loss Factor
(1 kHz)
tanδe0.0150.0220.00170.00250.004
Dielectric Loss Factor
(at 0.4V/mm)
tanδe0.0060.00140.002
Densityρkg/m378508000773077507930
Curie PointTc°C360160300318284
Mechanical Quality FactorQm807014007001400
kp0.650.620.560.580.57
k330.740.720.690.700.68
Coupling Coefficients
k310.390.390.310.350.33
kt0.50.50.470.500.50
Piezoelectric Charged31Coul/N x 10-12 (or)-208-260-100-140-13-
Displacement Coefficientd33m/V x 10-12443670255320310
Piezoelectric Voltage Coefficientg31-13-9-10.8-12-11
Voltage Coefficientg33V·m/N x 10-326.3192827.525
Np19251970230021602280
Nt20001990213019802000
Frequency ConstantsN13Hz·m
N33
N31
Poisson's RatioY22
SE111617161313
SE331921171716
Elastic Constants Short CircuitSE12x 10-12m2/N-4.8-6-4.3-3.4-4.1
SE13-8.9-7.5-5.4-5.4-5.7
SE5549.036.234.534.539.5
SE6643.44630.831.533.2